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Accounting Alert

Climate-related Examples on Reporting Uncertainties in the Financial Statements

Background

The IFRS Foundation has published "Disclosures about Uncertainties in the Financial Statements Illustrated using Climate-related Examples", which aims to clarify how disclosure requirements under IFRS Accounting Standards can be practically applied.

The Illustrative examples were developed by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) in collaboration with the International Sustainability Standards Board (ISSB) in response to stakeholder concerns about insufficient information around uncertainties—particularly climate-related. The examples also address concerns about potential inconsistencies in financial statements when entities follow both IFRS Accounting Standards and IFRS Sustainability Disclosure Standards.

Illustrative examples

A summary of each example as disclose in the publication is discussed below.

1. Materiality judgements applying paragraph 31 of IAS 1 'Presentation of Financial Statements' [paragraph 20 of IFRS 18 ‘Presentation and Disclosure in Financial Statements’]

  • Illustration of how an entity makes materiality judgements in the context of financial statements
  • The illustrative example contains two scenarios: one scenario in which these judgements lead to additional disclosures beyond those specifically required by IFRS Accounting Standards and a second scenario in which they do not.

2. Disclosure of assumptions: specific requirements applying IAS 36

  • Illustration of how an entity discloses information about the key assumptions it uses to determine the recoverable amounts of assets.

3. Disclosure of assumptions: general requirements applying IAS 1

Illustration of how an entity:

  • might be required to disclose information about assumptions it makes about the future, even if the specific disclosure requirements in other IFRS Accounting Standards require no such disclosure
  • identifies the assumptions about which it is required to disclose information, and
  • determines what information about these assumptions it is required to disclose

4. Disclosure about credit risk applying IFRS7 ‘Financial Instruments; Disclosures’

  • Illustration of how an entity might disclose information about the effects of particular risks on its credit risk exposures and credit risk management practices and how these practices relate to the recognition and measurement of expected credit losses.

5. Disclosure of disaggregated information applying [IFRS 18]

  • Illustration of how an entity might disaggregate the information it provides in the notes about a class of property, plant and equipment (PPE) on the basis of dissimilar risk characteristics if necessary to provide material information.

*IFRS Accounting Standards that are not yet effective as at the date of this publication are included in brackets.

Status of the near-final illustrative examples

The illustrative examples have not yet been approved by the IASB. The IASB expects to issue the final illustrative examples, together with the accompanying Basis for Conclusions, in October 2025. No material changes are expected before finalization. Once finalized, the examples will be included as illustrative examples in the relevant IFRS Accounting Standards to which they relate.

Effective date

There will be no effective date of the illustrative examples as they do not amend the IFRS Accounting Standards as they are currently written. In other words, they will be effective immediately.

 

Refer to the file below to access the publication.

Climate Related Examples July 2025

Climate Related Examples July 2025

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